Bactria (uncertain mint B) (Euthydemus I), bronze, 2 units (230-200 BCE)
From SILVER
230 BCE - 200 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Heracles right. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΕΥΘΥΔΗΜΟΥ (Greek).Horse galopping right. In field, monogram and/or symbol (sometimes). Border of dots. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Bactria (uncertain mint B) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bactria | Modern countryModern country: Afghanistan | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Bactrian Kingdom, Euthydemus I of Bactria (satrap of Sogdiana and Greco-Bactrian king, c. 230-c. 200 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 230 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 200 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 7.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | 2 units
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
S1248 Euthydemus bronze Mint B double unit.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Glenn 20201Glenn 2020, p. 242-248, n° 1-96. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 7523, HGC 123HGC 12, n° 53 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 42 | 67.74 | 42 | 43.75 | 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 25, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62 |
| 2 | 10 | 16.13 | 20 | 20.83 | 4, 8, 9, 11, 17, 23, 24, 26, 28, 50 |
| 3 | 6 | 9.68 | 18 | 18.75 | 1, 2, 3, 18, 19, 44 |
| 4 | 4 | 6.45 | 16 | 16.67 | 5, 42, 56, 57 |
| Total | 62 of 62 | 100 | 96 of 96 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 62 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 42 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 90 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 96 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.55 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.07 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.45 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 67.74 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 140.61 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,812,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 175.06 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00003 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 56.25% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,365.48 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 3,413.7 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Glenn, Simon (2020), Money and Power in Hellenistic Bactria: Euthydemus I to Antimachus I, Numismatic Studies 43, New York, 2020, 394 p., 106 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2013), Handbook of coins of Baktria and ancient India : including Sogdiana, Margiana, Areia, and the Indo-Greek, Indo-Skythian, and native Indian states south of the Hindu Kush, fifth century BC to first century, Lancaster-London,
