Apollonia Pontica, silver, tritai (anchor/gorgoneion) (465-425 BCE)
From SILVER
465 BCE - 425 BCE Silver 8,057 kg
Description
| Obverse: | AΠO-ΛΛΩN (Greek).Upright anchor, in field to left, crayfish swimming upwards to right |
| Reverse: | Facing gorgoneion. |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Apollonia Pontica | Ancient region: | Thrace | Modern country: Bulgaria | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 465 BCE | to | 425 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 3.30 | Denomination: | trite
|
Standard: | Thraco-Macedonian |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Ivanova-Anaplioti 2026, p. 247-277, types 15-16, n° 224-1508 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HGC 3.2, n° 1323 | ||
| Coin series web reference: |
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Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 15 | 12.4 | 15 | 55, 58, 75, 96, 98, 117, 120, 121, 124, 137, 138, 139, 141, 144, 146 | |
| 2 | 9 | 7.44 | 18 | 47, 50, 74, 84, 91, 115, 116, 145, 147 | |
| 3 | 8 | 6.61 | 24 | 36, 46, 53, 88, 101, 102, 126, 140 | |
| 4 | 11 | 9.09 | 44 | 28, 29, 93, 94, 99 (95), 109, 123, 127, 129, 142, 143 | |
| 5 | 4 | 3.31 | 20 | 51, 62, 71, 132 | |
| 6 | 11 | 9.09 | 66 | 32, 38, 49, 56, 57, 60, 89, 104, 113, 119, 125 | |
| 7 | 8 | 6.61 | 56 | 31, 64, 68, 69, 106, 110, 112, 118 | |
| 8 | 5 | 4.13 | 40 | 80, 81, 82, 83, 103 | |
| 9 | 1 | 0.83 | 9 | 39 | |
| 10 | 5 | 4.13 | 50 | 42, 44, 48, 114, 131 | |
| 11 | 4 | 3.31 | 44 | 27, 77, 79, 134 | |
| 12 | 4 | 3.31 | 48 | 43, 65, 73, 111 | |
| 13 | 1 | 0.83 | 13 | 61 | |
| 15 | 3 | 2.48 | 45 | 30, 45, 63 | |
| 16 | 2 | 1.65 | 32 | 66, 97 | |
| 17 | 4 | 3.31 | 68 | 67, 78, 100, 133 | |
| 18 | 1 | 0.83 | 18 | 54 | |
| 19 | 3 | 2.48 | 57 | 59, 70, 85 | |
| 20 | 2 | 1.65 | 40 | 35, 86 | |
| 21 | 2 | 1.65 | 42 | 33, 128 | |
| 22 | 1 | 0.83 | 22 | 130 | |
| 24 | 2 | 1.65 | 48 | 37, 136 | |
| 25 | 1 | 0.83 | 25 | 52 | |
| 26 | 1 | 0.83 | 26 | 122 | |
| 27 | 2 | 1.65 | 54 | 41, 95 | |
| 29 | 1 | 0.83 | 29 | 105 | |
| 30 | 1 | 0.83 | 30 | 40 | |
| 31 | 2 | 1.65 | 62 | 92, 135 | |
| 32 | 1 | 0.83 | 32 | 87 | |
| 35 | 3 | 2.48 | 105 | 34, 72, 90 | |
| 40 | 1 | 0.83 | 40 | 76 | |
| 41 | 1 | 0.83 | 41 | 108 | |
| 48 | 1 | 0.83 | 48 | 107 | |
| Total | 121 of 121 | 100.04 | 1311 of 1,311 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 121 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 15 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 198 | Number of coins (n) | 1311 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 10.83 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 6.62 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.64 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 12.4 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 122.07 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 2,441,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 133.3 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00054 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 98.86% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 21,479.48 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 8,057 kg <br /> 8,057 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 53,698.7 |
Remarks
Likely military
References
- ^ Ivanova-Anaplioti, Hristina (2026), Die Münzprägung von Apollonia Pontike. Die Bildthemen einer griechischen Polis im pontisch-thrakischen Raum, Berlin, De Gruyter, 465 p. + 34 pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2017), Handbook of Coins of Macedon and Its Neighbors. 3. Part 2: Thrace, Skythia, and Taurike, Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, xix, 232 p.
