Antioch (Antiochus IV), silver, tetradrachms (169-164 BCE)
From SILVER
169 BCE - 164 BCE Silver 10,962 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head right. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ANTIOXOY ΘΕΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ NIKHΦOPOY (Greek).BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOY ΘEOY EΠIΦANOYΣ NIKEΦOPOY, Zeus Nikephoros seated left, monogram to outer left. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Antioch | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Syria (Seleucis and Pieria) | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Seleucid king, 175-164 BC), Seleucid Dynasty (312-63 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 169 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 164 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 16.65 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
H288 Antiochos IV Epiphane.jpeg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Mørkholm 19631Mørkholm 1963 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 6978, RQEMH3RQEMH, n° 288, HGC 94HGC 9, n° 620 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 8 | 28.57 | 8 | 7.41 | 27, 37, 38, 45, 49, 50, 51, 53 |
| 2 | 4 | 14.29 | 8 | 7.41 | 33, 39, 44, 48 |
| 3 | 4 | 14.29 | 12 | 11.11 | 35, 40, 41, 52 |
| 4 | 5 | 17.86 | 20 | 18.52 | 29, 30, 32, 43, 47 |
| 5 | 1 | 3.57 | 5 | 4.63 | 42 |
| 6 | 1 | 3.57 | 6 | 5.56 | 31 |
| 7 | 1 | 3.57 | 7 | 6.48 | 36 |
| 8 | 1 | 3.57 | 8 | 7.41 | 20 |
| 11 | 2 | 7.14 | 22 | 20.37 | 28, 46 |
| 12 | 1 | 3.57 | 12 | 11.11 | 34 |
| Total | 28 of 28 | 100 | 108 of 108 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 28 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 8 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 98 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 108 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.86 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.1 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 3.5 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 28.57 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 32.92 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 658,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 37.8 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00016 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 92.59% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,561.36 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 10,962 kg <br /> 10,962 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 16,403.4 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Morkholm, Otto (1963), Studies in the Coinage of Antiochos IV of Syria, Copenhague.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2009), Handbook of ancient Syrian coins : royal and civic issues, fourth to first centuries BC, The Handbook of Greek Coinage 9, Lancaster, lxix, 332 p.
