Antioch (Antiochus III), silver, tetradrachms (Antiochus III/Apollo on omphalos) (223-211 BCE)
From SILVER
223 BCE - 211 BCE Silver 3,675 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head of Antiochos III to right. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ – ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ (Greek).Apollo seated to left on omphalos, holding arrow in his right hand and resting his left on grounded bow, to outer left field, monogram consisting of ΩΡ |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Antioch | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Syria | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Antiochus III the Great (Seleucid king, 222-187 BC), Seleucid Dynasty (312-63 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 223 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 211 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 17.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
Antioch_Antiochus_III_silver_tetradrachm.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Le Rider 19991Le Rider 1999, p. 110-118 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | WSM2WSM, n° 1071, HGC 93HGC 9, n° 447, SC I4SC I, n° 1043 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 2 | 18.18 | 2 | 1.11 | 2, 10 |
| 2 | 1 | 9.09 | 2 | 1.11 | 3 |
| 3 | 1 | 9.09 | 3 | 1.67 | 7 |
| 13 | 1 | 9.09 | 13 | 7.22 | 9 |
| 22 | 2 | 18.18 | 44 | 24.44 | 4, 6 |
| 24 | 1 | 9.09 | 24 | 13.33 | 8 |
| 26 | 1 | 9.09 | 26 | 14.44 | 11 |
| 32 | 1 | 9.09 | 32 | 17.78 | 5 |
| 34 | 1 | 9.09 | 34 | 18.89 | 1 |
| Total | 11 of 11 | 99.99 | 180 of 180 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 11 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 2 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 121 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 180 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 16.36 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.49 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 11 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 18.18 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 10.81 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 216,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 11.72 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00083 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 98.89% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 33,302.5 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 3,675 kg <br /> 3,675 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 83,256.24 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military Obverse 1 has also struck gold octodrachms
References
- ^ Le Rider, Georges (1999), Antioche de Syrie sous les séleucides : corpus des monnaies d'or et d'argent. I, De Séleucos I à Antiochos V, c. 300-161, Mémoires de l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, n.s. 19, Paris, 260 p., 27 pl.
- ^ Newell, Edward T. (1941), The coinage of the western Seleucid mints from Seleucus I to Antiochus III, Numismatic Studies 4, New York, 450 p., LXIV pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2009), Handbook of ancient Syrian coins : royal and civic issues, fourth to first centuries BC, The Handbook of Greek Coinage 9, Lancaster, lxix, 332 p.
- ^ Houghton, Arthur - Lorber, Catharine (2002), Seleucid coins : a comprehensive catalogue. Part 1, Seleucus I through Antiochus III, New York - Lancaster - London, 2 v. (xxxviii, 488 p. + 300 p.), 101 pl.
