Amphipolis (Alexander the Great), gold, staters (Athena/Nike) (329-323 BCE)
From SILVER
329 BCE - 319 BCE Gold 61,817 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Athena to right, wearing crested Corinthian helmet decorated with a coiled serpent |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | AΛEΞANΔΡOΥ (Greek).Nike standing front, head to left, with her wings spread, holding laurel wreath in her right hand and stylis in her left, to left, trident-head downward |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Amphipolis | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC), Macedonian kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 329 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 319 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.60 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Troxell 1997, p. 102-105 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Price 1991, n° 164, 168, 172, 174, 175, 176..., "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 3.1, n° 893 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 7 | 23.33 | 7 | 6.48 | 7, 17, 20, 24, 25, 27, 28 |
| 2 | 7 | 23.33 | 14 | 12.96 | 1, 6, 13, 15, 19, 23, 29 |
| 3 | 3 | 10 | 9 | 8.33 | 8, 11, 26 |
| 4 | 4 | 13.33 | 16 | 14.81 | 3, 4, 5, 16 |
| 5 | 2 | 6.67 | 10 | 9.26 | 21, 30 |
| 6 | 3 | 10 | 18 | 16.67 | 2, 10, 14 |
| 7 | 1 | 3.33 | 7 | 6.48 | 9 |
| 8 | 2 | 6.67 | 16 | 14.81 | 12, 22 |
| 11 | 1 | 3.33 | 11 | 10.19 | 18 |
| Total | 30 of 30 | 99.99 | 108 of 108 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 30 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 7 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 48 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 108 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.6 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.25 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.6 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 23.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 35.94 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 718,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 41.54 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00015 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 93.52% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,010.02 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 61,817 kg <br /> 61,817 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 15,025.04 |
Remarks
Most likely more than 2 workstations Certainly military
References
- ^ Troxell, Hyla A. (1997), Studies in the Macedonian Coinage of Alexander the Great, Numismatic Studies 21, New York, 161 p., 31 pl.
- ^ Price, Martin Jessop (1991), The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus: a British Museum Catalogue, 2 vol., Zürich-London, 637 p., 637 p., clix pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.
