Ambracia, silver, staters (Pegasus/Athena) (485-475 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 8050


485 BCE - 475 BCE Silver 2,430 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Bridled Pegasos with curved wing flying right, below, A.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: Head of Athena to right, wearing Corinthian helmet and pearl necklace, all within incuse square
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Ambracia Ancient regionAncient region.: Epirus Modern countryModern country: Greece AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 485 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 475 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 8.60 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: stater Nomisma.org StandardStandard.: Aeginetic
Image
Ambracia_485-475.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Ravel 19281Ravel 1928, Kraay 19772Kraay 1977
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: Ravel 19281Ravel 1928, Sear I3Sear I, n° 1952-1953, Calciati 19904Calciati 1990, n° 1-3, RQEMAC5RQEMAC, n° 177, HGC 3.16HGC 3.1, n° 195
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 1 8.33 1 2.17 3
2 3 25 6 13.04 6, 7, 9B
3 3 25 9 19.57 2, 5, 9
4 2 16.67 8 17.39 4, 9C
6 1 8.33 6 13.04 8
7 1 8.33 7 15.22 1
9 1 8.33 9 19.57 9A
Total 12 of 12 99.99 46 of 46 100
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 12 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  1
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 7 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 46
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 3.83 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 6.57
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 0.58 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  8.33 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  14.13 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  282,600
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 16.24 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00016
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 97.83% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  6,510.97
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  2,430 kg <br /> 2,430 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  16,277.42
Remarks

Most likely one single workstation

References

  1. a b  Ravel, Oscar (1928), The "colts" of Ambracia, The American Numismatic Society, Numismatic notes and monographs 37, New York, 180 p., 2 pl.
  2. ^  Kraay, Colin M. (1977), "The earliest issue of Ambracia", Numismatica e Antichità Classiche 6, p. 35-52, 4 pl.
  3. ^  Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
  4. ^  Calciati, Romolo (1990), Pegasi, Mortara, Edizioni I.P..
  5. ^  Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
  6. ^  Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.