Agrigentum, bronze, onkiai (eagle on fish/crab & fish) (415-406 BCE)
From SILVER
415 BCE - 406 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | ΑΚΡΑ (Greek).eagle standing left on fish, head turned to right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Crab, below, fish right above one pellet |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Agrigentum | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 415 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 406 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | onkia | StandardStandard.: |
Image
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S 1509 - Agrigentum, bronze, onkiai (415-406 BCE).jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Westermark 20181Westermark 2018, p. 282-287, n° 990-1006 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 1 | 12.5 | 1 | 0.8 | 8 |
| 9 | 1 | 12.5 | 9 | 7.2 | 7 |
| 12 | 1 | 12.5 | 12 | 9.6 | 2 |
| 13 | 2 | 25 | 26 | 20.8 | 1;6 |
| 17 | 1 | 12.5 | 17 | 13.6 | 3 |
| 25 | 1 | 12.5 | 25 | 20 | 4 |
| 35 | 1 | 12.5 | 35 | 28 | 5 |
| Total | 8 of 8 | 100 | 125 of 125 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 8 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 1 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 13 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 125 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 15.63 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 9.62 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.63 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 12.5 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 7.88 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 157,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 8.55 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00079 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 99.2% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 31,725.89 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 79,314.72 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Westermark, Ulla (2018), The coinage of Akragas c. 510-406 BC, 2 vol., Uppsala.
