Abdera, silver, tetrobols (griffin/goat) (439/7-411/10 BCE)
From SILVER
439 BCE - 410 BCE Silver 368 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Griffin seated left, front legs raised. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ANA-ΞΙ-ΔΙ-ΚΟΣ (Greek).Goat's head to left within linear square within incuse square, ANA-ΞΙ-ΔΙ-ΚΟΣ around. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Abdera | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Thrace | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 439 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 410 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetrobol
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1May 1966, p. 163-166 (Group LXXIV) | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RQEMAC, n° 105a, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 3.2, n° 1213 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 2 | 2 | 33.33 | 4 | 14.81 | 172, 173 |
| 3 | 1 | 16.67 | 3 | 11.11 | 174 |
| 5 | 1 | 16.67 | 5 | 18.52 | 170 |
| 6 | 1 | 16.67 | 6 | 22.22 | 171 |
| 9 | 1 | 16.67 | 9 | 33.33 | 169 |
| Total | 6 of 6 | 100.01 | 27 of 27 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 6 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 2 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 6 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 27 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.5 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 4.5 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 6.81 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 136,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 7.71 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00020 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 92.59% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 7,929.52 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 368 kg <br /> 368 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 19,823.79 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ May, John M F. (1966), The coinage of Abdera (540-345 B.C.), RNS Spec. Publ. 3, London, 268 p., 24 pl.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2017), Handbook of Coins of Macedon and Its Neighbors. 3. Part 2: Thrace, Skythia, and Taurike, Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, xix, 232 p.
