AC 168 - Aigai (Perdiccas II), silver, tetrobols (451-413 BCE)
From SILVER
451 BCE - 413 BCE Silver 7,388 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Horse prancing right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Greek (Π−Ε−ΡΔΙ−Κ).Crested helmet right in double linear square within shallow incuse square |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Aigai | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Perdiccas II of Macedon (Argead king, c. 448-c. 413 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 451 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 413 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 1.90 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetrobol
|
StandardStandard.: | Thraco-Macedonian |
Image
AC168 Perdiccas light tetrobols.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Raymond 19531Raymond 1953, n° 131-75, Hersh 19912Hersh 1991, p. 12-15, n° 56-147 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear I3Sear I, n° 1487-1489, RQEMAC4RQEMAC, n° 168 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 67 | 62.62 | 67 | 34.72 | 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 46, 50, 51, 59, 62, 74, 80, 81, AH, AI, AJ, AK, AL, AM, AN, AP, AQ, AR, AS, AT, AV, AW, AX, AZ, BA, BC, BD, BE, BF, BG, BH, BI, BJ, BK, BL, BM, BO, BP, BQ, BR, BS, BT, BV, CA, CB, CC, CD, CE, CF, CG, CJ, CK, CL, CN, CO, CR |
| 2 | 18 | 16.82 | 36 | 18.65 | 43, 52, 53, 54, 57, 61, 65, 78, AO, AY, BN, BT, BU, BW, BX, BZ, CH, CS |
| 3 | 12 | 11.21 | 36 | 18.65 | 47, 55, 56, 58, 63, 66, AU, BB, BY, CJ, CM, CQ |
| 4 | 4 | 3.74 | 16 | 8.29 | 41, 44, 48, 73 |
| 5 | 3 | 2.8 | 15 | 7.77 | 31, 49, 60 |
| 7 | 1 | 0.93 | 7 | 3.63 | CP |
| 8 | 2 | 1.87 | 16 | 8.29 | 45, 64 |
| Total | 107 of 107 | 99.99 | 193 of 193 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 107 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 67 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 193 | |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.8 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 62.62 % | |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 194.41 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 3,888,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 240.13 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00005 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 65.28% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,985.49 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 7,388 kg <br /> 7,388 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 4,963.74 |
Remarks
This is the improved die study combining Raymond 1953 and Hersh 1991
References
- ^ Raymond, Doris (1953), Macedonian regal coinage to 413 B.C., Numismatic Notes and Monographs 126, New York, xi, 170 p., 15 pl.
- ^ Hersh, Charles A. (1991), "A Fifth-Century Circulation Hoard of Macedonian Tetrobols", in W.E. Metcalf (ed.), Mnemata: papers in memory of Nancy M. Waggoner, New York, p. 3-19, pl. 1-8.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
