AC 162a - Pydna, bronze (female head/owl) (393-369 BCE)
From SILVER
393 BCE - 369 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Artemis right. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | (Greek).Owl standing right, head facing, on grain-ear, three pellets to right. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Pydna | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 393 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 369 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 4.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | StandardStandard.: |
Image
AC162a Pydna.jpeg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Tselekas 19961Tselekas 1996, p. 31-32, n° B4-B14. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | HGC 3.12HGC 3.1, n° 657, RQEMAC3RQEMAC, n° 162a | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 10 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 9 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 9 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 11 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.1 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.22 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 0.9 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 90 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 79.48 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,589,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 110 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00001 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 18.18% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 276.8 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 692 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Tselekas, Panagiotis (1996), The Coinage of Acanthus, Oxford, St Cross College, DPhil, 350 p., 7 maps, 53 pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
