AC 161 - Mende, silver, tetrobols (500-480 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 7515


500 BCE - 480 BCE Silver 1,446 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Ithyphallic mule standing right.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: Mill-sail incuse of five parts.
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Mende Ancient regionAncient region.: Macedon Modern countryModern country: Greece AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 500 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 480 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Archaic until 480 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 2.60 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: tetrobol Nomisma.org StandardStandard.:
Image
AC161 Mende.jpeg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Michaux 19811Michaux 1981
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: Sear I2Sear I, n° 1279, RQEMAC3RQEMAC, n° 161, HGC 3.14HGC 3.1, n° 553
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 9 56.25 9 30 1, 2, 5, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 16
2 1 6.25 2 6.67 4
3 5 31.25 15 50 3, 6, 7, 10, 13
4 1 6.25 4 13.33 11
Total 16 of 16 100 30 of 30 100
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 16 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  9
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 11 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 30
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 1.88 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 2.73
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 0.69 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  56.25 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  27.8 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  556,000
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 34.29 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00005
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 70% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  2,158.27
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  1,446 kg <br /> 1,446 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  5,395.68
Remarks


References

  1. ^  Michaux, Françoise (1981), "Les tétroboles de Mendé", Revue Belge de Numismatique CXXVII, p. 5-18, pl. 1.
  2. ^  Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
  3. ^  Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
  4. ^  Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.