2198 - Messana (tetradrachm biga/hare) over Athens (Athena/owl) (Berlin, MK, Imhoof-Blumer - Garraffo 1984, pl. XVIII, 7)

Coin reference:	Kraay 1969, p. 146, n° y, Garraffo 1984, p. 136-137, n° 15b, pl. XVIII, n° 7	Coin series reference:	"[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Kraay 1969, p. 146, n° y, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Garraffo 1984, p. 136-137, n° 15b, pl. XVIII, n° 7, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3Caccamo Caltabiano 1993, series X, n° 415-424, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4HGC 2, n° 784
Coin series web reference:	https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/messana.caltabiano 1993.415-424

Head of Athena right, wearing crested Attic helmet ornamented with three laurel leaves and vine scroll

AΘE (Greek) Owl standing right, head facing, olive sprig with berry and crescent moon behind, all within incuse square

Mint ^ᵖ:

Attica

From 480 BCE to 440 BCE

Classical ^{480-323 BC}

tetradrachm

Attic

Coin type reference ^ᵖ:
Coin series web reference overstruck:	https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/athens.starr 1970.ii.tetradrachm

Frequency of overstrikes:	rare and spread	Level of confidence:	sure
Remarks:

References

^ Kraay, Colin M. (1969), "Fifth century overstrikes at Rhegium and Messana", in La circolazione della moneta ateniese in Sicilia e in Magna Grecia : atti del I Convegno del Centro internazionale di studi numismatici, Napoli, 5-8 aprile 1967, Roma, p. 141-150, pl. 12.
^ Garraffo, Salvatore (1984), Le riconiazioni in Magna Grecia e in Sicilia. Emissioni argentee dal VI al IV secolo a.C., Catania.
^ Caccamo Caltabiano, Maria (1993), La monetazione di Messana. Con le emissioni di Rhegion dell’eta della tirannide, AMUGS XIII, Berlin-New York, xviii, 383 p., 94 pl.
^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 2. Handbook of the Coins of Sicily (Including Lipara). Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, 489 p.