Sicily (uncertain Ptolemaic mint) (Ptolemy II and Hieron II), bronze (17.5g) (Zeus/eagle on thunderbolt) (264-263 BCE)
From SILVER
264 BCE - 263 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Zeus right, wearing laurel wreath. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Eagle standing on thunderbolt, wings opened. In left field, a Galatian shield. (Border of dots). |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sicily (uncertain Ptolemaic mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Hieron II of Syracuse (tyrant of Syracuse, 270-215 BC), Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Ptolemaic king, 283-246 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 264 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 263 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 17.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | obol
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
Syracuse_Galatian_shield_Ptolemy.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Wolf - Lorber 20111Wolf - Lorber 2011 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Svoronos 1904-19082Svoronos 1904-1908, n° 610, CPE I3CPE I, n° B288-90 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 74 | 93.67 | 74 | 86.05 | 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79 |
| 2 | 3 | 3.8 | 6 | 6.98 | 1, 38, 51 |
| 3 | 2 | 2.53 | 6 | 6.98 | 28, 37 |
| Total | 79 of 79 | 100 | 86 of 86 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 79 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 74 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 82 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 86 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.09 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.05 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.04 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 93.67 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 690.38 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 13,807,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 970.57 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00001 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 13.95% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 249.14 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 622.85 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Wolf, Daniel - Lorber, Catharine C. (2022), "The ‘Galatian Shield without 2’ Series of Ptolemaic Bronze Coins," Numismatic Chronicle, 171, p. 7-53, pl. 1-3.
- ^ Svoronos, Ioannes N. (1904-1908), Τὰ νομίσματα τοῦ κράτους τῶν Πτολεμαίων (Ta nomismata tou kratous tōn Ptolemaiōn - The coins of the Ptolemaic rulers), Athens, 4 v., 68 pl.
- ^ Lorber, Catharine C. (2018), Coins of the Ptolemaic empire : Part I. Ptolemy I through Ptolemy IV, 2 vol., New York.
