Malaca, bronze, 1/4 units (ca 2.3g) (Vulcan/eight rays star) (218-195 BCE)
From SILVER
218 BCE - 195 BCE Bronze
Description
| Obverse: | (Punic).Head of Vulcan to right, behind Punic legend type A |
| Reverse: | Star with eight rays |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Malaca | Ancient region: | Hispania Ulterior | Modern country: Spain | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 218 BCE | to | 195 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Bronze
|
Median weight in grams | 2.30 | Denomination: | Standard: |
Image
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References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Campo - Mora-Serrano 1995, p. 223-227, n° 1-19 (Pertiod I) | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2ACIP, n° 777 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 19 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 12 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | Number of coins (n) | 36 | |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.89 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 63.16 % | |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 32.63 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 652,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 40.24 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00006 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 66.67% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 2,206.56 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 5,516.4 |
Remarks
