Iol (Caesarea) (Juba II) , silver, denarii (various types/various types) (20 BCE-24 CE)
From SILVER
20 BCE - 24 CE Silver 12,801 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Various legends. Here: REX. IVBA (Latin).various types. Here: Diademed head right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Various legends. Here: R XXXXV (Latin).Various types. Here: Capricorn right, cornucopia on shoulder, globe to right |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Iol (Caesarea) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Mauretania | Modern countryModern country: Algeria | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Juba II (king of Numidia and Mauretania, 48 BCE-23 CE), Kingdom of Numidia |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 20 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 24 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.90 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | denarius
|
StandardStandard.: | Roman |
Image
Juba_II_capricorn.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Spoerri 20151Spoerri 2015 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 87 | 48.6 | 87 | 14.87 | A2, A3, A4, A5, A8, A9, B1, C3, C5, C8, C10, C11, C12, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19, C20, C23, C24, C25, C26, C27, C28, C29, C30, C33, C35, C36, C37, C38, C39, C44, C45, D1, D2, E1, E4, E9, E10, E11, E12, E13, E14, E15, E16, E17, E19, E20, E21, E23, E24, E25, E26, E27, E28, E29, E30, E31, E32, E35, E36, E37, E38, E39, F6, F7, F10, F11, F12, G4, G6, G8, G9, J2, J5, J8, J15, J17, J19, K4, K5, K9, K15, K20, K27 |
| 2 | 23 | 12.85 | 46 | 7.86 | 11, C9, C22, C42, C43, E5, E7, E8, E18, E22, E33, E34, E40, G2, G5, J7, J23, J24, K11, K18, K19, K25, K31 |
| 3 | 21 | 11.73 | 63 | 10.77 | A6, A10, B2, C2, C4, C6, C7, C40, C41, F2, F5, F8, F9, G3, H4, J3, J10, J11, J14, K22, K28 |
| 4 | 16 | 8.94 | 64 | 10.94 | A1, A7, C13, C14, C21, C34, F3, F5, G1, G7, H3, J1, J20, J22, K6, K23 |
| 5 | 8 | 4.47 | 40 | 6.84 | E6, H1, J12, J16, J17, K8, K10, K17 |
| 6 | 7 | 3.91 | 42 | 7.18 | F1, F4, H2, J4, J9, K3, K7 |
| 7 | 3 | 1.68 | 21 | 3.59 | E2, J6, K21 |
| 8 | 3 | 1.68 | 24 | 4.1 | C1, J21, K12 |
| 9 | 1 | 0.56 | 9 | 1.54 | J13 |
| 10 | 3 | 1.68 | 30 | 5.13 | E3, J18, K2 |
| 11 | 1 | 0.56 | 11 | 1.88 | K16 |
| 12 | 1 | 0.56 | 12 | 2.05 | K26 |
| 14 | 1 | 0.56 | 14 | 2.39 | K1 |
| 17 | 1 | 0.56 | 17 | 2.91 | K14 |
| 24 | 1 | 0.56 | 24 | 4.1 | K25 |
| 26 | 1 | 0.56 | 26 | 4.44 | K13 |
| 55 | 1 | 0.56 | 55 | 9.4 | K24 |
| Total | 179 of 179 | 100.02 | 585 of 585 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 179 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 87 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 585 | |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.27 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 48.6 % | |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 220.7 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 4,414,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 257.92 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00013 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 85.13% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 5,301.31 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 12,801 kg <br /> 12,801 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 13,253.29 |
Remarks
Most likely more than 2 workstations Likely military Here only the dated issues (circa one third of the total)
References
- ^ Spoerri, Marguerite (2015), "Le monnayage d’argent émis par le roi Juba II de Maurétanie (I) : catalogue des monnaies datées", Revue Suisse de Numismatique, 94, p. 33-114.
