Hispania ulterior (uncertain mint), silver, denarii (Pompey/Pietas) (RRC 477 Sex. Pompeius Magnus Pius - 44 BCE)

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 24083

45 BCE - 44 BCE Silver 558 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	SEX MAGN IMP PIVS (latin).Head of Cn. Pompeius Magnus r.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	PIETAS (latin).Pietas standing l., holding palm-branch in r. hand and sceptre in l. hand.

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Hispania ulterior (uncertain Roman mint)

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Hispania Ulterior

Modern countryModern country: Spain

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Roman Republic, Sextus Pompeius Magnus Pius

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

45 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

44 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman ^{from 30 BC}

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:

Silver

Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams

3.70

DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:

denarius

StandardStandard.:

Image

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	"[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Buttrey 1960b
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:	"[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RRC, n° 477/1-3
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:	https://numismatics.org/crro/results?q=477

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	2	28.57	2	4.76	A, B
3	1	14.29	3	7.14	C
5	1	14.29	5	11.9	E
7	1	14.29	7	16.67	F
11	1	14.29	11	26.19	G
14	1	14.29	14	33.33	D
Total	7 of 7	100.02	42 of 42	99.99

Reverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	% (r)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	5	55.56	5	11.9	a, b, c, f, g
5	1	11.11	5	11.9	h
10	2	22.22	20	47.62	d, j
12	1	11.11	12	28.57	e
Total	9 of 9	100	42 of 42	99.99

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	7	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ^ᵖ	2
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	9	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	42
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	6	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	4.67
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	1.29	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	28.57 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ^ᵖ	7.54	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ^ᵖ	150,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ^ᵖ (O)	8.4	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ^ᵖ	0.00028
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	95.24%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ^ᵖ	11,140.58
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ^ᵖ	558 kg <br /> 558 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ^ᵖ	27,851.46

Remarks

Most likely one single workstation Certainly military

References

^ Buttrey, Theodore V. (1960b), « The Pietas denarii of Sextus Pompey », The Numismatic Chronicle, 20, p. 83-101.
^ Crawford, Michael H. (1974), Roman Republican Coinage, Cambridge