Eastern roman mint (uncertain mint), silver, denarii (RRC 531 Mark Antony and P. Ventidius Bassus - 39 BCE)

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 24370

39 BCE - 39 BCE Silver 159 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	M·ANT·IMP·III·V·R·P·C (latin).Head of M. Antonius, right, bearded, behind, lituus. Border of dots
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	P·VENTIDI PONT·IMP (latin).Male figure (possibly Jupiter Victor) standing facing, holding sceptre in right hand, cloak over left arm and branch in left hand. Border of dots.

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

East (uncertain)

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Modern countryModern country:

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Marcus Antonius (Roman politician and general, member of the Second Triumvirate, 83-30 BC), Roman Republic, P. Ventidius Bassus

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

39 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

39 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman ^{from 30 BC}

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:

Silver

Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams

3.70

DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:

denarius

StandardStandard.:

Image

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	Buttrey 1960c1Buttrey 1960c
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:	RRC2RRC, n° 531/1
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:	https://numismatics.org/crro/id/rrc-531.1

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
5	1	50	5	41.67	A2
7	1	50	7	58.33	A1
Total	2 of 2	100	12 of 12	100

Reverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	% (r)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
3	1	50	3	25	P2
9	1	50	9	75	P1
Total	2 of 2	100	12 of 12	100

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	2	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ^ᵖ	0
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	2	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	12
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	6	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	6
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	1	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	0 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ^ᵖ	2.15	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ^ᵖ	43,000
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ^ᵖ (O)	2.4	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ^ᵖ	0.00028
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	100%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ^ᵖ	11,162.79
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ^ᵖ	159 kg <br /> 159 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ^ᵖ	27,906.98

Remarks

Certainly military

References

^ Buttrey, Theodore V. (1960c), « The denarius of P. Ventidius », The American Numismatic Society. Museum Notes, 9, p. 95-108.
^ Crawford, Michael H. (1974), Roman Republican Coinage, Cambridge